Every year, millions of people face skin diseases of different nature. They can be infectious and noninfectious. Most often (perfectly healthy at first glance, people) are diagnosed with psoriasis. It happens in different parts of the body can be of varying intensity. It interferes with the patients and their surroundings, because people are afraid of infection. Look at what psoriasis is, its causes, symptoms and treatment methods.
What is psoriasis
Psoriasis is a skin disease of chronic nature, cannot be transmitted from person to person. Previously, this diagnosis was considered a nutritional inflammation of the skin, but today it is called psoriatic disease, due to the fact that it has a systemic nature, which occurs as a result of the failure of the endocrine, immune and nervous system.
The mechanism of development of psoriasis the body
Not to note the nidus is not possible, because that part of the body, overlooking the burning, itchy feeling, redness and peeling of the skin. Every person faced with a diagnosis, you start to feel discomfort when dealing with people, because the disease ruin the affected area of the body.
The mechanism of this development is that the skin cells die after 4-5 days, but did not disappear, and the formation of papules and flaked off, causing inflammation. The disease is not contagious by touch, so that epidemics do not happen. The occurrence of psoriasis is associated with hyperactivity of the immune system T-lymphocytes.
Usually, the disease occurs in genetically predisposed to it people:
- If one of the parents is a predisposition to the disease, the probability of the diagnosis of the child – 25%.
- If 2 parents – 65%.
Psoriasis can occur at any age, although in childhood there was no sign of its presence. The trigger can be treated with antibiotics, alcohol, stress, skin trauma, vitamin deficiency.
Causes, symptoms and treatment of psoriasis
Although the disease – psoriasis affects people for centuries, its source has not yet been installed. The disease can affect anyone, even those without a predisposition to the development of pathology.
The doctor you put forward such a theory regarding the causes of psoriasis:
- Virus.
- Immune.
- Catchy.
- Genetic.
- Caused by metabolic disorders.
Each of these causes can trigger pathological focus, localizable in any area of the body: head, arms (particularly elbows), legs, and psoriasis is shown below the chest and abdomen.
Why a person has psoriasis: virus theory
Scientists search for the causes of psoriasis found changes, peripheral lymph nodes, a sign of the virus forms of the disease.
Doctors believe that retro viruses, sent by genetic means, are the causes of psoriasis, but to prove it, you need to:
- Highlight retrovirus and identify it.
- To identify habitat.
- Carefully study, that beyond the power of modern medicine.
Retro viruses possess the ability to modify the genetic structure, DNA synthesis and the formation of "falsum progression". This factor is still being studied by doctors, but the blood transfusion the patient's psoriasis healthy, never mentioned the disease the second, which puts this theory in doubt.
Immune system malfunction
Immune system the field of affect many structures of the body, but it has been observed that the appearance of sinusitis, tonsillitis, etc. autoimmune diseases, pathological lesions of the aggravation.
The initial onset of psoriasis, doctors believe that is the primary source of the autoimmune aggression.
There have been many diagnostic procedures, examining patients with the occurrence of de microabscesses of Munro, appeared in the result of abnormalities in:
- Immunoglobulins.
- Antibodies.
- The immune complexes.
Inflammation of the skin caused by psoriasis increases the sensitivity of the skin, especially in areas hit by chemical or physical means. Then, it is still more the size of rashes and irritation. In studies, experts have identified antibodies to antigenic components are the antigens that are not present in people without the predisposition to pathology.
Infectious theory
It is believed that the causes of psoriasis are directly linked to the infection. Exacerbation of pathology often fix people trapped in the hospital, despite the fact that pathogenic fungi and micro-organisms observed. According to scientists, psoriasis a background of infection appears as a result of the arrival of the impulses of the autonomic and endocrine systems, which causes changes in the body structures on the basis of the immune system malfunction.
Also, there is allergo-infectious theory, which is characterized by an allergic reaction to viruses, micro-organisms and their toxic secretions, but officially, this theory is not yet proven.
Genetic theory
This theory suggests that psoriasis is passed from parents to children and close relatives and distant relatives.
This is due to the fact that the majority of people who applied to the skin-I took the clinic with psoriasis, I have this disease has been close 3-5 generations, but to call the disease is strictly genetic is impossible, because it occurs against a background of complex disorders:
- Changes in the enzyme, fat, carbohydrate and protein metabolism.
- The immune system, hormone action, autonomic nervous system disorders.
- Viral and infectious diseases.
Abnormalities in the metabolism
Disorders of metabolism, are a source of many diseases.
Psoriasis studies show
- High cholesterol
- The temperature is below normal.
In this case, the experts klassificeret psoriasis than the cholesteric diathesis, because the wrong fat metabolism, cause skin keratinization.
Also the clinical picture the patient may have the following features:
- Disorders of vitamin metabolism group B6/12, And C. the amount of vitamin C in the body over.
- Deficiency or excess of zinc, copper, iron.
These factors reduce the adaptive capacity of the person and promote the onset of diabetes, which is often associated with psoriasis.
Where else does the disease psoriasis (for other reasons):
- Stress.
- Acclimatization.
- Vaccination.
- Allergies.
- Women's hormonal disorders.
- Burns, injuries, bug bites.
- Medications and alcohol.
- Hypothermia.
- Abuse of certain products.
- Food poisoning.
Psoriasis can occur in any person, regardless of age and sex, but the sooner he looks, the more the patient's body deals damage and changes in the quality of his life.
The first signs of psoriasis
Initially, the disease manifested in the form of a small, peeling-prone papules, localized to the area previously affected area of the skin. Early stages of psoriasis can be gradual or sudden character development. Still, that appears on the skin reddish nodules are strongly itch, burn and are starting to become covered in a rash, or flaky bark. Patient strive to comb the pathological lesions, because it brings relief, but further traumatize the skin. Hairstyle psoriasis is a risk that the disease spread to nearby tissues, so when the first symptoms, you should immediately contact your doctor.
The first signs of psoriasis are a rash on these parts of the body:
- The inguinal folds.
- Head.
- Shin.
- In the lower back.
- The stomach (under the breast).
- Nails/fingers.
- Arms, legs (knees, elbows, palms, soles of the feet).
To facilitate the diagnosis of psoriasis, experts have divided the disease into several forms, which have their own symptoms and individual localization. For example:
- Symptoms of psoriasis plaque forms, which is characterized depilatus red papules having clear borders. They are usually located on the head, waist, elbows and knees.
- When a drop of psoriasis, the symptoms are completely different. The affected area has many small pimples, or pustules, when pressed, they are divided into a transparent liquid. They usually appear behind the palms and feet.
It is a mild forms of psoriasis. Their development does not have a fever, joint aches, chills. However, you need to deal with any form of the disease, because if you don't have to resort to treatment at the first signs of psoriasis can spread to joints, the nails and mucous membranes.
Learn how the early stages of the disease, see. image signa develop skin psoriasis.
Typical symptoms of psoriatic arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis refers to psoriasis. If the disease affects the joints, which leads to their deformation and further partial/full malfunction. The initial stage of the disease is localized in the feet and hands, and then transferred to the segments of the spine and large joints. Then the joints increase in volume, starts to hurt.
On examination, the doctor will pay particular attention to the following points:
- There is a genetic predisposition for psoriasis.
- Swelling in the joints.
- Pain syndrome, when walking, touch the items.
- The restriction of movement.
- Stiffness in the joints (day and morning).
Also, the expert to prescribe the tests. First he needs to make sure that the pain in the joints due to psoriasis. For this purpose, the patient is taken to test for rheumatoid factor. If the result is negative, then the doctor will put a diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis.
First signs of nail psoriasis
Initial signs of the nail plate psoriasis the same fungus. Then around the perimeter of the nail, you will notice the depressed point, or longitudinal grooves. They can appear on 1 nail or all at once, but the beginning of change is fixed at the edge of the nail plate.
Without treatment the disease:
- Moving root.
- The nail becomes inflamed, thickened, dull.
- The area around the nail is formed in the red border of the skin.
This is the risk that as a result of the nail plate may even flake off the skin or become similar to the claws of a bird, as the disease affects not only the skin, but the nerve endings.
Treatment of psoriasis
Cure psoriasis completely impossible, as the disease assumes a chronic character. The most that doctors can do is prescribe medication, which creates a strong remission of the disease.
Medicinally prescribe medicines local destination. They increase the penetration of the skin, reduce flaking and to remove the inflammatory process, which implies the itchy feeling.
These medicines are creams and lotions that contain:
- Dithranol.
- Salicylic acid.
- Sulfur.
- Urea.
Also, experts prescribe the local glucocorticoids and creams, that are suitable for the treatment of the scalp.
The purpose of therapy is influenced by many factors:
- The age of the patient.
- The primary manifestation of the disease or the aggravation.
- When the inflammation progresses.
- Where is the local damage.
- The duration of the disease.
- In what form is manifested, etc.
Appointment of a specialist must examine the patient, collect medical history and prescribe a biopsy of the affected area.
After receiving the results, using such methods of treatment.
|
Advanced stage hormonal anti-inflammatory: During exacerbation and severe inflammation, fluorinated media: |
These medicines 70% of cases to remove inflammation and rashes, after 2 weeks of treatment for psoriasis. |
|
Glucocorticoids negalogenizirovannam type: |
The tools are widely demanded for the treatment of pensioners and children, because the de-composition of fluorine and chlorine to reduce the likelihood of allergic reactions. |
|
Creams and ointments on the basis of dithranol: |
Has anti proliferative as well as anti-inflammatory effect. Often cause allergies in the form of itching and local swelling. They are given in increasing doses for short-term treatment. |
In addition to these methods, there are other, equally effective, but they should only choose the doctor. Not properly selected treatment can worsen the patient's condition and cause a progressive inflammatory process underlying allergic reactions, so do not experiment with drugs. In addition, they should continuously change, because the body gets used to the medication and the treatment efficiency is gradually reduced.